What happens if there a brokered convention

Follow Ballotpedia. Click here to follow election results! Join the hundreds of thousands of readers trusting Ballotpedia to keep them up to date with the latest political news. Sign up for the Daily Brew. Click here to learn more. A brokered convention occurs when a party's nominee is not selected by a majority in the first round of delegate voting at the party's nominating convention.

Additional votes are taken until a majority is reached. For this reason, brokered conventions are also known as multiple ballot or multi-ballot conventions. The term brokered convention is sometimes used interchangeably with contested convention. The latter refers to a nominating convention that opens without one candidate having captured a majority of delegates. A contested convention may be resolved on the first ballot once uncommitted delegates are factored in.

When delegates were selected by local party leadership, rather than by the outcome of state primaries and caucuses, brokered conventions were a regular feature of the political process.

For example, the Republican Party went through 36 ballots before it selected James A. Garfield as its nominee in As technology enabled easier communication between politicians and party insiders and the rules of delegate allocation changed in the s , the importance of the brokered convention dwindled.

Four years earlier, the Republican Party nominated Thomas Dewey in its final brokered convention. National conventions became, primarily, a ceremonial event since it was possible for a candidate to secure a majority of delegates through primaries and pledged superdelegates prior to the event. The Republican National Convention came close when it opened as a contested convention.

President Gerald Ford was able to secure enough support from uncommitted delegates, however, to earn the nomination over Ronald Reagan on the first ballot.

When there was only a 10 percent difference in the delegate count between Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton in after 22 primaries and caucuses, rumors of a potential brokered convention grew. At several nominating conventions, delegates have shifted their votes during a roll call to buttress a leading candidate. Eisenhower narrowly leading Robert Taft with votes to Taft's votes. Before the next roll call could begin, delegates from Minnesota and several other states shifted their votes to Eisenhower to give him the majority he needed to clinch the nomination without a formal second ballot.

The Democratic National Convention is another example of this phenomenon. After the first ballot, Alfred Smith was within 10 votes of the supermajority needed to win the nomination. Delegates from Ohio and several other states shifted their votes to enable Smith to become the Democratic nominee on the first ballot.

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In other words, in a fluid situation, the identity of the delegates—who they are, where they come from, and what their political views are—matters a great deal. If no one has reached the magic number 1, delegates when the primaries are over in June, expect to see a frenzy of negotiations in the weeks between the end of the primaries and the opening of the Democratic convention on July If the leading candidate is close to 1, delegates he or she will call for unity and attempt to get there.

If two or more candidates have large numbers of delegates but no one has 1,, an even more complex negotiation process will begin—with everything up for grabs, from rules to platform planks to the vice presidency itself.

They include all Democratic members of Congress, all Democratic governors, the more than members of the Democratic National Committee, and assorted others including former Democratic presidents and vice presidents of the United States. In the past, these superdelegates cast votes in the first ballot at Democratic conventions.

In the campaign of Bernie Sanders mounted opposition to this category of delegates. Subsequently the Democratic National Committee changed the rules so that superdelegates can only vote on the second ballot at the convention. So, if there is no first ballot nominee, the negotiations will include not just the delegates in the convention hall but approximately elected officials and party leaders who will be eligible to vote. Thus, on a second ballot the number needed to nominate will increase, not decrease.

Political parties and their nomination processes are not mentioned in the Constitution. The courts have consistently given political parties wide latitude to how they conduct themselves—unless their rules conflict with other rights in the Constitution. The changes that were implemented Monday night were intended to be […].